作者：刘洪涛，www.5idzw.com嵌入式培训中心高级讲师，ARM ATC授权培训讲师。
鼠标驱动可分为几个部分：驱动加载部分、probe部分、open部分、urb回调函数处理部分。
下文阴影部分为注解。
一、驱动加载部分
static int __init usb_mouse_init(void)
{
int retval = usb_register(&usb_mouse_driver);//注册鼠标驱动
if (retval == 0)
info(DRIVER_version ":" DRIVER_DESC);
return retval;
}
其中usb_mouse_driver的定义为：
static struct usb_driver usb_mouse_driver = {
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.name = "usbmouse",
.probe = usb_mouse_probe,
.disconnect = usb_mouse_disconnect,
.id_table = usb_mouse_id_table,
};
如果注册成功的话，将会调用usb_mouse_probe。那么什么时候才算注册成功呢？
和其它驱动注册过程一样，只有在其对应的“总线”上发现匹配的“设备”才会调用probe。总线匹配的方法和具体总线相关，如：platform_bus_type中是判断驱动名称和平台设备名称是否相同；那如何确认usb总线的匹配方法呢？
Usb设备是注册在usb_bus_type总线下的。查看usb_bus_type的匹配方法。
struct bus_type usb_bus_type = {
.name = "usb",
.match = usb_device_match,
.hotplug = usb_hotplug,
.suspend = usb_generic_suspend,
.resume = usb_generic_resume,
};
其中usb_device_match定义了匹配方法
static int usb_device_match (struct device *dev, struct device_driver *drv)
{
struct usb_interface *intf;
struct usb_driver *usb_drv;
const struct usb_device_id *id;
/* check for generic driver, which we don't match any device with */
if (drv == &usb_generic_driver)
return 0;
intf = to_usb_interface(dev);
usb_drv = to_usb_driver(drv);
id = usb_match_id (intf, usb_drv->id_table);
if (id)
return 1;
return 0;
}
可以看出usb的匹配方法是usb_match_id (intf, usb_drv->id_table)，也就是说通过比对“dev中intf信息”和“usb_drv->id_table信息”，如果匹配则说明驱动所对应的设备已经添加到总线上了，所以接下了就会调用drv中的probe方法注册usb设备驱动。
usb_mouse_id_table的定义为：
static struct usb_device_id usb_mouse_id_table[] = {
{ USB_INTERFACE_INFO(3, 1, 2) },
{ } /* Terminating entry */
};
#define USB_INTERFACE_INFO(cl,sc,pr) \
.match_flags = USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_INT_INFO, \
.bInterfaceClass = (cl), \
.bInterfaceSubClass = (sc), \
.bInterfaceProtocol = (pr)
鼠标设备遵循USB人机接口设备（HID），在HID规范中规定鼠标接口类码为：
接口类：0x03
接口子类：0x01
接口协议：0x02
这样分类的好处是设备厂商可以直接利用标准的驱动程序。除了HID类以外还有Mass storage、printer、audio等
#define USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_INT_INFO \
(USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_INT_CLASS | USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_INT_SUBCLASS | USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_INT_PROTOCOL)
匹配的过程为：
usb_match_id(struct usb_interface *interface, const struct usb_device_id *id)
{
struct usb_host_interface *intf;
struct usb_device *dev;
/* proc_connectinfo in devio.c may call us with id == NULL. */
if (id == NULL)
return NULL;
intf = interface->cur_altsetting;
dev = interface_to_usbdev(interface);
/* It is important to check that id->driver_info is nonzero,
since an entry that is all zeroes except for a nonzero
id->driver_info is the way to create an entry that
indicates that the driver want to examine every
device and interface. */
for (; id->idVendor || id->bDeviceClass || id->bInterfaceClass ||
id->driver_info; id++) {
if ((id->match_flags & USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_VENDOR) &&
id->idVendor != le16_to_cpu(dev->descriptor.idVendor))
continue;
if ((id->match_flags & USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_PRODUCT) &&
id->idProduct != le16_to_cpu(dev->descriptor.idProduct))
continue;
/* No need to test id->bcdDevice_lo != 0, since 0 is never greater than any unsigned number. */
if ((id->match_flags & USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEV_LO) &&
(id->bcdDevice_lo > le16_to_cpu(dev->descriptor.bcdDevice)))
continue;
if ((id->match_flags & USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEV_HI) &&
(id->bcdDevice_hi < le16_to_cpu(dev->descriptor.bcdDevice)))
continue;
if ((id->match_flags & USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEV_CLASS) &&
(id->bDeviceClass != dev->descriptor.bDeviceClass))
continue;
if ((id->match_flags & USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEV_SUBCLASS) &&
(id->bDeviceSubClass!= dev->descriptor.bDeviceSubClass))
continue;
if ((id->match_flags & USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEV_PROTOCOL) &&
(id->bDeviceProtocol != dev->descriptor.bDeviceProtocol))
continue;
//接口类
if ((id->match_flags & USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_INT_CLASS) &&
(id->bInterfaceClass != intf->desc.bInterfaceClass))
continue;
//接口子类
if ((id->match_flags & USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_INT_SUBCLASS) &&
(id->bInterfaceSubClass != intf->desc.bInterfaceSubClass))
continue;
//遵循的协议
if ((id->match_flags & USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_INT_PROTOCOL) &&
(id->bInterfaceProtocol != intf->desc.bInterfaceProtocol))
continue;
return id;
}
return NULL;
}
从中可以看出，只有当设备的接口类、接口子类、接口协议匹配鼠标驱动时鼠标驱动才会调用probe方法。
，usb鼠标驱动注解及测试